Contents of the Current and Previous Issues

Volume 14 / Number 2 / Fall 2009:

Sebastian Tomasz KOŁODZIEJCZYK
Reference, Description, and Explanation. Where Metaphysics Went Wrong?
Abstract. The classical arguments against metaphysics provided by Immanuel Kant, neopositivists and recently by analytical philosophers focus on the problem of meaning. In my paper I would like to shed a little bit of light on different dimensions of this problem in the metaphysical discourse and make a proposition how to overcome the difficulties that arise from this kind of discourse.

Friedel WEINERT
The Modern Synthesis: Einstein and Kant
Abstract. The paper discusses the Kantian legacy in modern views about scientific theories. The aim of this paper is to show how Einstein's philosophy of science, which was inspired by his physics, offers a specialized version of the Kantian synthesis of Empiricism and Rationalism. In modern physical theories (relativity and quantum theory) Kant's a priori conditions become 'constraints', as shown in Einstein's use of principle theories. Einstein's use of principle theories shows how constraints are used to steer the mapping of the rational onto the empirical elements of scientific theories.

Roman DAROWSKI
The Polish Contribution to World Philosophy
Abstract. The state of philosophy on Polish soil in different periods was significantly influenced by the prevailing political and social conditions. The defense and preservation of the national identity for long demanding years of determination and resistance became a specific socio-cultural priority. Despite of the adverse circumstances the influence of Poles on world philosophy has been significant, particularly during the period when the language of publication was Latin. The later and contem­porary heritage, written in Polish and not made available for translation into other, more widely used, languages remains without influence on world philosophy, even if it is distinguished.

MAJID AMINI
Omnipotence and the Vicious Circle Principle
Abstract. The classical paradox of the stone, namely, whether an omnipotent being can create a stone that the being itself cannot lift is traditionally circumvented by a response propounded by Thomas Aquinas, that even omnipotent beings cannot accomplish the logically impossible. However, in their paper 'The New Paradox of the Stone', Alfred R. Mele and M.P. Smith attempt to reinstate the paradox without falling foul of the Thomistic logical constraint. According to Mele and Smith, instead of interpreting the paradox as posing a competition between a pair of omnipotent beings - represented by God at two different times - the paradox can be reformulated as posing a question about simultaneous competition between a pair of omnipotent beings. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to probe the possibility of the simultaneous existence of two omnipotent beings in view of the theological arguments for the "unicity of the omnipotent".

Mark MCLEOD-HARRISON
The Many Ways God Is. Ontological Pluralism and Traditional Christian Theism
Abstract. Traditional Christianity holds that God is a singular way, not dependent on the conceptual machinations of humans. I argue that God can be plural ways, different in different human conceptual schemes, all the while holding to traditional Christianity. In short, I provide a framework for an ontological pluralism that extends not just to the world being various ways but to God being various ways.

Piotr MOSKAL
Affective Knowledge of God
Abstract. Affective knowledge of God is a kind of knowledge which follows human affectivity. This knowledge takes place on two levels: the level of the natural inclination of man towards God and the level of the religious bias of man towards God. What is the nature of affective knowledge of God? It seems there are three problems in question. First of all, as there is a natural inclination towards God in man, one will be restless unless one recognizes or finds God. Secondly, one who loves God has a new deeper knowledge of the divine things through connaturality and inclination. Thirdly, as the result of one's encounter with God and of uniting with Him, man experiences certain subjective states which cannot be expressed by words.

Camille E. ATKINSON
Is Gadamer's Hermeneutics Inherently Conservative?
Abstract. According to two critics, Georgia Warnke and John Caputo, Gadamer's hermeneutics is inherently "conservative" insofar as he appeals to tradition as a constituent in understanding. They insist that he simply preserves the ideals, norms and values of the Western metaphysical tradition without critically examining them. I do not agree and will argue that views like this depend upon several false assumptions -- for example, that Gadamer reifies the text as a "thing-in-itself" (Sache selbst) and remains trapped in subjectivism. I will begin by examining some of the ways in which these charges might be warranted before proceeding to defend him.

Simin RAHIMI
Divine Command Theory in the Passage of History
Abstract. Are actions that are morally good, morally good because God makes them so (e.g., by commanding them)? Or does God urge humans to do them because they are morally good anyway? What is, in general, the relationship between divine commands and ethical duties? It is not an uncommon belief among theists that morality depends entirely on the will or commands of God: all moral facts consist exclusively in facts about his will or commands. Thus, not only is an action right because it is commanded by God, but its conformity to his commands is what alone makes it right. An action is right (wrong) solely because he commands (forbids) it, and solely in virtue of his doing so. This view has come to be known as the "divine command theory of morality". This paper is devoted to a brief reconstruction of claims and controversies surrounding the theory, beginning with Plato's Euthyphro, which is the historical initiator of the debate and to a reconstruction of the various lines of argument that have been set forth to defend the theory.

Irina-Gabriela BUDA
Consciousness and Evolution
Abstract. I analyse some of the key evolutionary issues that arise in the study of consciousness from a bio-philosophical point of view. They all seem to be related to the fact that phenomenality has a special status: it is a very complex feature, apparently more than biological, it is hard to define because of the plurality of its displays (cognition, various emotions, other complex functions such as vision) and it is difficult to study with classic evolutionary tools (such as philogenetics or paleoanthropology). Giving an answer to the question "is consciousness an adaptive trait?" thus seems to be very difficult and this paper intends to sketch some of the problems we should be concerned with when studying phenomenality as an adaptation.

Mejame Ejede CHARLEY
Problematic of Technology and the Realms of Salvation in Heidegger's Philosophy
Abstract. The aim of this paper is the exploration of Heidegger's interpretation of the phenomenon of technology against the background of his new vision of reality. It can be said that in this context sin which was formerly moral and religious became in our age, as it were, technological. Because man has distanced himself from the Nature, he finds himself at the same time alienated and guilty, contemplating, like a child brazen in the brainlessness of what he has done and waiting in anguish the imminent punishment of a mother who does not forgive. Cum multis aliis, it is not only ugliness with which Heidegger reproaches techno-science but aggressiveness as well.

Kazimierz RYNKIEWICZ
Was verdanken wir Descartes in der gegenwärtigen Debatte über das Leib-Seele-Problem?
Resümee. Ziel des Aufsatzes ist es, einige relevante Sachverhalte aus der Philosophie Descartes´ hervorzuheben, welche die Entwicklung der (gegenwärtigen) Leib-Seele-Problem-Debatte maßgeblich geprägt haben. Aus der Sicht gegenwärtiger philosophischer Debatte wird die Fundierung des ontologischen Dualismus Descartes´ aufgewiesen, um schließlich diesen Standpunkt einer kritischen Würdigung zu unterziehen - mit dem Blick auf eine Zukunftsperspektive. Das methodische Verfahren nimmt Rücksicht sowohl auf den Bereich a priori als auch den a posteriori.

 

Volume 14 / Number 1 / Spring 2009:

Sanford S. LEVY
Philippa Foot's Theory of Natural Goodness
Abstract. Philippa Foot's book, Natural Goodness, involves a large project including a theory of natural goodness, a theory of the virtues, and a theory of practical rationality. Natural goodness is the foundation for the rest and is used to support a more or less traditional list of the virtues and a theory of reasons for action. Though Foot's doctrine of natural goodness may provide an account of some sort of goodness, I argue that it is not adequate as a foundation for practical rationality or as a defense of more or less traditional virtues.

Catherine COWLEY
Philia and Social Ethics
Abstract. Benedict XVI's first encyclical, Deus Caritas Est, treated the different characteristics of human love and their expression. The first section discusses eros and the second shows how agape provides the essential framework for Catholic charitable organisations. I will be arguing that by omitting any reflection on the role of philia, he missed a significant opportunity to retrieve an important part of the Tradition and expand our usual understanding of the elements of social ethics. Part I briefly gives the background of Benedict's non-use of philia in his encyclical and indicates the basis for the view that philia has no place in Christian social ethics. The favoured approach is that of agape. Part II presents Thomas Aquinas' view of friendship and how it might counter the shortcomings identified by the authors in Part I. Part III applies his view of friendship to the key principles in Catholic social teaching of solidarity and preferential option for the poor. Part IV concludes with some general summary remarks.

Jonathan BOWMAN
Extending Habermas and Ratzinger's Dialectics of Secularization: Eastern Discursive Influences on Faith and Reason in a Postsecular Age
Abstract. In the unlikely confluence of two colossal intellectual heritages, neo-Kantian Jurgen Habermas and Catholic prelate Joseph Ratzinger agree that we have entered a postsecular age. For both, the inauguration of such an age entails skepticism towards absolutist science and a growing recognition of the contributions of spiritual worldviews to social solidarity. Following their call for a multi-faceted purification in the West whereby secular and religious commitments are subjected to mutual critique, I explore potential Eastern contributions to this process by providing a micro-analysis of the interaction of discursive subjects in three traditions: for Confucianism, the rectification of names; Taoism, truth disclosure; and Buddhism, right speech.

Jan KONIOR
The Interplay of Philosophy and Religion in the Chinese Culture
Abstract. The aim of this article is to present the interplay between philosophy, religion and culture in China, to give a clear picture of philosophical, religious and cultural aspects of Chinese culture. What do we understand by Chinese culture? What is the role of Religion and Philosophy in Chinese Culture? The goal of this presentation is to present a deeper account of the philosophical, cultural and traditional differences and similarities between the Chinese and the Western World. What is the meaning of Chinese philosophical ideas? How do we understand and interpret Chinese thought? How do we build a bridge between East and West focused on cultural, philosophical and religious aspects? What has the West done for China and what has China done for West? Are we partners in inter-religious, cultural and philosophical dialogue?

Thomas STORCK
Culture and the Embodiment of Cultural Ideals as Preliminary to a Philosophy of Culture
Abstract. In order to lay the ground for the construction of a philosophy of culture the origin, meaning and some of the implications of the word "culture" are examined and discussed in light of a working definition of the anthropological concept of culture taken from C. Dawson. In Section II another concept of culture is examined, based on the idea of culture as human perfection. Then in Section III the concept of cultural levels is introduced, that is, the differing levels at which the central concept of a culture can be understood or embodied.

Petr DVOŘÁK
The Relational Logic of Franciscus Toletus and Petrus Fonseca
Abstract. The well-known Ratio Studiorum of 1599 states that logical instruction should follow F. Toletus (Toledo) or P. Fonseca. The latter authored the famous Institutionum Dialecticarum Libri Octo (1564), the former a similar manual, Introductio in Dialecticam Aristotelis (1561). As is often observed, the contrast between the Aristotelian and present symbolic logics is perhaps most striking in their analysis of relational statements. Both authors recognize the relational logical form as independent from the traditional subject-predicate form and see the need to recognize relational inferential rules. They differ in their specific rules, however, so neither of the authors has captured the system of relational syllogism in its entirety.

Marc SULTANA
How does the akrates intentionally do what he intended not to without changing his mind?
Abstract. Terms related to the concept of akrasia are paradigmatically used when one does something that one knows does not coincide with one's conception of doing well. Such doing may be explained as being 'due to weakness'. Alternatively, one may recognize that one was quite clear-headed in acting akratically; at the time of committing such an action, one may have reasoned that, for once, one did not care. Now such occurrences, in the life of an agent, are hardly controversial. The problem is that it becomes surprisingly difficult to conceptualize the case where one clear-headedly intends to act contrary to one's convictions about what it is good to do in such-and-such circumstances; cases which are surely exceedingly and disappointingly common.

Piotr Stanisław MAZUR
The Dignity of the Person in the Context of Human Providence
Abstract. Thomas Aquinas understands providence as the reason of directing things to ends (ratio ordinis rerum in finem), and as the execution of that directing, i.e. governance (gubernatio). Thus, providence is one of the fundamental attributes of the person that reveals the person's perfection and dignity. Providence consists in a free and reasonable directing of oneself and the reality subject to oneself in order to actualize potentialities of oneself and of other beings in the context of the ultimate goal of existence. Human providence joins the providence of the Absolute with regard to the world. In spite of its deficiencies human providence reveals the essential dignity of the human person.

Paul DOUGLAS KABAY
Did God Begin to Exist ex nihilo?
Abstract. I argue that the following two claims provide us with sufficiently strong reason to conclude that God came into existence from nothing a finite time in the past: (1) that God is omnitemporal; and (2) that there is a first moment of time. After defending the possibility of God beginning to exist ex nihilo from various objections, I critique two alternative attempts at providing an account of the relationship between an omnitemporal God and the beginning of time (that of Alan Padgett and William Lane Craig). I show that these either fail to be an alternative to my own model or are less supported by the relevant evidence.

Rafał ABRAMCIÓW, Jacek BIELAS
Dimensions of corporeality. A metatheoretical analysis of anthropologists' concern with the human body
Abstract. Since the very dawn of its history, modern philosophical anthropology has been addressing the issue of the human body. As a result of those efforts, Descartes, de Biran, Husserl, Sartre, Marcel, Merleau-Ponty and others have brought forward a variety of conceptions concerning various aspects of human corporeality. Anthropological explorations concerning the question of the human body, appear in a particularly interesting way, when they are considered in the context of those points of view which, in an essential way, refer to the subjective character of the human being. It is a matter of reconstructing and analyzing how the subject's corporeality is given to the subject, originarily, according to the phenomenological rule zu den Sachen selbst. The aim of this paper is thus to put into some order the concerns of a variety of anthropologists with regard to the question of the human body, as it is given to, or experienced by, the subject. A metatheoretical analysis of this field proves it is possible to do so with the use of a tool, which is called here, a dimension of corporeality.

 

Volume 13 / Number 2 / Fall 2008:

Piotr MOSKAL
Is there a Metaphysical Proof of God's Existence?
Abstract. What determines whether the procedures for proving the affirmative statement of God's existence may be called a proof? Certainly, it is necessary that all premises be true and that a reliable inference schemata be applied. One premise appears to be the most critical in the theistic argument. This premise is the principle of sufficient reason. I hold the view that the principle of sufficient reason cannot be found among the premises of any metaphysical explanation of reality, so I suggest that the terms 'proof' and 'argument' not be used. Instead, we could speak of ways of acquiring discursive knowledge of God and ways of indirect substantiation of God's existence.

Martin POULSOM
The Pros and Cons of 'Intelligent Design'
Abstract. The theories of Darwinian evolution and Intelligent Design appear to be locked in an intractable debate, partly because they offer rival scientific explanations for the phenomenon of descent with modification in biology. This paper analyses the dispute in two ways: firstly, it seeks to clarify the exact nature of the logical flaw that has been alleged to lie at the heart of Intelligent Design theory. Secondly, it proposes that, in spite of this error, the Intelligent Design theory advocated by Michael Behe takes at least one significant step in the right direction. Although Behe's suggestion is promising, it is shown to be not nearly radical enough.

Fedor STANZHEVSKIY
Towards a Hermeneutics of Religion(s). A Reading of Ricoeur's Readings
Abstract. The objective of this article is to present and analyze some theses ad­vanced in "Lectures 3"1 by Paul Ricoeur. The book is devoted to the boundaries of philosophy, to non-philosophical sources of philosophy and finally to the other par excellence of philosophy - to religion. The book is composed of a series of essays divided thematically into three parts. The first part deals with Kant's and Hegel's philosophy of religion. Then in the course of the book the author gradually moves away from the philosophical logos (the second part deals with prophets, the prob­lem of evil, the tragic etc) to arrive at a point where recourse to the exegesis of the Bible becomes for him indispensable.

Robert SIMPSON
Avoiding the Afterlife in Theodicy: Victims of Suffering and the Argument from Usefulness
Abstract. Contemporary proponents of theodicy generally believe that a theodi­cal reply to the evidential argument from evil must involve some appeal to the afterlife. In Richard Swinburne's writings on theodicy, however, we find two argu­ments that may be offered in opposition to this prevailing view. In this paper, these two arguments - the argument from usefulness and the argument from assumed consent - are explained and evaluated. It is suggested that both of these arguments are rendered ineffective by their failure to distinguish between the different ways in which persons may be of-use in the attainment of some good state of affairs.

Saladdin AHMED
What is Sufism?
Abstract. Most Western scholars define Sufism as the spirituality of Islam or the mystical version of Islam. It is thought to be the inward approach to Islam that emerged and flourished in the non-Arab parts of the Islamic world. Most scholars like William Stoddart think that Sufism is to Islam what Yoga is to Hinduism, Zen to Buddhism, and mysticism to Christianity.1 In this essay, I will shed light on the major lines and elements in the philosophy of Sufism. I will try to give a concrete account of Sufism by introducing its major features within the relevant Islamic tradition and history.

Jaroslaw PASZYNSKI
Weisheit Gottes nach Thomas von Aquin
Abstract. Thomas von Aquin geht davon aus, dass Gott die erste und einzige Ursache der Wirklichkeit ist, und somit alle Vollkommenheiten der ge­schaffenen Seienden in Gott auf eminente und vollkommene Weise zu finden sind. Deswegen ist die Weisheit aufgrund der Analogie als Eigenschaft Gottes zu ver­stehen, und zwar als Wesenseigenschaft. Diese Weisheit besteht in der Erkenntnis, mit der Gott sich selbst erkennt. Die Weisheit bezieht sich auch auf die zweite Per­son der Trinität, die als das gezeugte Wort die Weisheit des Vaters ist. Betreffs des Schöpfungswerkes ist Gott als Schöpfer nicht nur causa efficiens der Seienden, sondern auch causa exemplaris und causa finalis. Mit der causa exemplaris ist die Weisheit Gottes gemeint.

Grzegorz HOLUB
Being a Person and Acting as a Person
Abstract. The article is primarily concerned with the ambiguities which sur­round the concept of the person. According to the philosophical tradition taking its roots from Locke's definition, personhood depends on consciousness. Therefore, 'personhood' can be ascribed to different entities, and only these entities acquire a moral standing. This can entail that a human being may or may not be considered as a person, as well as higher animals and even artificial machines. Everything de­pends on manifest personal characteristics. In order to sort out different meanings ascribed to 'person,' I distinguish between being a person and acting as a person. Then, I show that a human being is a paradigm of the person and his being always precedes his acting.

Henryk MACHON
Tertium non datur? Der Streit zwischen Idealismus und Dogmatismus in Fichtesversuch einer neuen Darstellung der Wissenschaftslehre
Abstract. Der Beitrag präsentiert wesentliche Bestandteile von Fich­tes Wissenschaftslehre mit einigen kritischen Bemerkungen. Als repräsentatives Beispiel seiner philosophischen Position, die zugleich die Grundlage seines wis­senschaftlichen Systems bildet, stellt Fichte den Streit zwischen zwei möglichen philosophischen Systeme dar: dem Idealismus und dem Dogmatismus. In Ausei­nandersetzung mit dem Dogmatismus findet er die Begründung für die idealisti­sche Position durch die Analyse von Begriffen und Phänomenen wie Erfahrung, Bewusstsein, Erkenntnis und schließlich Freiheit. Die Freiheit, verstanden als eine bewusste Entscheidung, nötigt den Philosophen zur Wahl einer konkreten Form von Philosophie, weil sie davon abhängt, was für ein Mensch man ist.

Kazimierz RYNKIEWICZ
Eine Skizze der Ontologie der Welt und des Menschen bei Wittgenstein und Ingarden
Abstract. Ziel des vorliegenden Aufsatzes ist es, die Existenz von eventuellen Berührungspunkten zwischen Wittgenstein und Ingarden nachzuweisen. Nach ei­ner kurzen Einführung wird anfangs der Hintergrund der Analyse des Problems formuliert. Darauf hin werden die Positionen Wittgensteins Ontologie mit we­nigen Begriffen und Ingardens dreistufige Ontologie jeweils skizzenhaft darge­stellt und kritisch auf das Vorhandensein von gemeinsamen Grundlinien geprüft. Als Gesichtspunkte gelten dabei folgende Begriffe: Ontologie, Welt und Mensch, Sprache und Ästhetik. Abschließend werden die charakteristischen Merkmale von Berührungspunkten genannt.

Robert GRZYWACZ
En quel sens la fiction possede-t-elle une fonction cognitive? Le texte a la jonction entre le langage poetique vif et l'action sensee selon P. Ricoeur
Abstract. L'article aborde la question de la fonction cognitive de la fiction. Le dernier terme englobe le langage métaphorique vif aussi bien que ce que l'on ap­pelle < textes >. La question considérée implique une théorie générale du discours, présentant celui-ci comme dialectique de l'événement et du sens. La métaphore, en tant qu'innovation sémantique, renvoie a la médiation d'un travail inventif de l'imagination. Le probleme qui s'ensuit concerne la référence des énoncés mé­taphoriques. Le récit, avec sa composition interne, introduit le theme du temps. C'est en lien avec l'expérience temporelle de l'action humaine que le récit de fic­tion s'entrecroise avec l'historiographie. La notion meme de fiction en sort trans­formée par l'intermédiaire de l'activité heuristique de l'imagination.

Michael-John TURP
Naturalized Epistemology and the Normative
Abstract. Gradually emerging from the so-called 'linguistic turn', philosophy in the second half of the twentieth century witnessed what we might follow P. M. S. Hacker in describing as a 'naturalistic turn'. This change of direction, an abandon­ment of traditional philosophical methods in favour of a scientific approach, or critics would say a scientistic approach, has met with widespread approval. In the first part of the paper I look to establish the centrality of the normative to the dis­cipline of epistemology. I then turn to examine Quine's attempt to reduce norma­tive discourse to instrumental rationality, and the more fully developed accounts provided by Stich, Kornblith and Papineau. I argue that these accounts fail because they insist on a constitutive connection between desires and the ends of epistemic activity. I conclude with the suggestion that a more plausible position severs this connection, in favour of an objective, externalist account of ends and reasons.

Danuta LUGOWSKA
Evolutionary Psychology as the Contemporary Myth
Abstract: Science or myth? This question contains the basic problem, arising from the analysis of evolutionary psychology. The problem in question refers to the status of the interpretations of reality promoted by the evolutionists, in par­ticular in reference to the human being. This article is an attempt to present an argument for the following thesis: firstly, that there are no scientific criteria for evaluating hypotheses in evolutionary psychology; and secondly that the theses of the discipline contain certain cultural contents - which until present times were carried by myth.

Jan-Kyrre Berg OLSEN
Metaphysics and Time
Abstract. The leap from primitive to scientific time represented as the "time" in "relativity physics", or in "thermodynamics" or perhaps in "quantum physics" or even within "statistical mechanics" is large. Large also is the conceptual dif­ference between these various understandings of the nature of time. How are we really to understand these physical perspectives on time: As knowledge about the real nature of time represented by the objective concepts: Or as epistemological-operational abstractions that cannot avoid elevating their results to the level of full-fledged reality, to ontology?

 

Volume 13 / Number 1 / Spring 2008:

John McDADE
Simone Weil and Gerard Manley Hopkins on God, Affliction, Necessity and Sacrifice
Abstract. Simone Weil's ideas on affliction and sacrifice has been interpreted by some as though they are the product of psychological problems. I will approach her writings on necessity and affliction through G. M. Hopkins' little prose masterpiece. Later I will suggest that she may be profitably related to some French spiritual writers in the 17th Century, who develop a link between the necessity of offering sacrifice to God and the radical contingency of created existence.

Simin RAHIMI
Swinburne on the Euthyphro Dilemma. Can Supervenience Save Him?
Abstract. Modern philosophers normally either reject the "divine command theory" of ethics and argue that moral duties are independent of any commands, or make it dependent on God's commands but like Robert Adams modify their theory and identify moral duties in terms of the commands of a loving God. Adams regards this theory as metaphysically necessary. That is, if it is true, it is true in all possible worlds. But Swinburne's (1981) position is unprecedented insofar as he regards moral truths as analytically necessary. In this paper Swinburne's argument will be discussed and I will reveal some of the difficulties involved in categorising general moral principles (if there are such principles) as logical (analytical / necessary) truths.

Lubos ROJKA
Human Authenticity and the Question of God in the Philosophy of Bernard Lonergan
Abstract. In his Insight, Lonergan presents a general form of the argument for the existence of God: "reality is completely intelligible, therefore, God exists." Its framework may be characterized as a Leibnizian version of the cosmological argument from the contingency of empirical reality to the unrestricted act of understanding. The acceptance of Lonergan's argument presupposes familiarity with his theory of being and objectivity. In my analysis, since Lonergan uses heuristic (second order) definitions and dialectical method in his justification of the complete intelligibility of reality, the argument invites continuous examination of the proposed alternative metaphysical theories.

Joshtrom I. KUREETHADAM
The 'Meditational' Genre of Descartes' Meditations
Abstract. In this paper, I reflect on Descartes' employment of the meditational genre in the weaving of the text of the Meditations. In the first part, the possible influences behind Descartes' choice of the meditational genre are examined. The second part of the paper attempts to spell out the significance of Descartes' use of the meditational form. The claim advanced here is that Descartes adopted this unique genre ultimately to further his radical philosophical project of a subject-centred theory of knowledge and a new metaphysical Weltbild, with the self (res cogitans) catapulted to the central stage and the physical world (res extensa) reduced to an object of the subject's act of representation.

Stanisław ZIEMIAŃSKI
Time and Its Philosophical Implications
Abstract. The conception of time, presented by St. Augustine, unites within itself the physical-philosophical views of Aristotle, and its own psychological view concerning the lived experience of the flow of sensory impressions from the past towards the future. H. Majkrzak (1999) underlines, in Augustine, the existential moment of time. The time of a human life is limited: it is situated within borders stretching from the day of birth to the day of death. This faithful and precise representation of the Augustinian conception of time, nevertheless brings the reader up against a problem: What value does it have today?

Aleksandra DERRA
Explicit and Implicit Assumptions in Noam Chomsky's Theory of Language
Abstract. The author identifies selected implicit or not fully explicit assumptions made by Noam Chomsky in his theory of language. Through a careful examination of Chomsky's work, she aims to present the solutions this linguist proposes with respect to two fundamental questions: the question of methodology and the question of the ontological status of language. After reviewing the central theses of Chomsky's theory in the first part of the paper, she turns to the question that is mentioned in the title of this paper, that is, the reservations regarding the assumptions underlying Chomsky's work.

Manuel REBUSCHI
Czeżowski's Axiological Concepts as Full-fledged Modalities: We Must Either Make What Is Good, Or Become Revisionists
Abstract. This short paper provides a tentative formalization of Czeżowski's ideas about axiological concepts: Good and Evil are conceived of as modalities rather than as predicates. A natural account of the resulting "ethical logic" appears to be very close to standard deontic logic. If one does not resolve to become an antirealist regarding moral values, a possible way out is to become a revisionist about deontology: convert to intuitionism or some other kind of revisionism in deontic logic, and remain classical in ethical logic.

Mostafa TAQAVI, Mohammad Saleh ZAREPOUR
The Strong Version of Underdetermination of Theories by Empirical Data: Comments on Woleński's Analysis
Abstract. The Polish researcher in the field of logic and philosophy, Jan Woleński, in one of his recent articles ,"Metalogical Observations About the Underdetermination of Theories by Empirical Data", logically formalized two weak and strong versions of the underdetermination of theories by empirical data (or UT by abbreviation) and with these formalization has metalogically analyzed these two versions. Finally he has deducted that the weak version is defensible while the strong version is not. In this paper we will critically study Wolenski's analysis of the strong version of UT.

Adam ŚWIEŻYŃSKI
The Evolutionary Concept of Human Death
Abstract. The natural sciences reveal the existence of a constant process of cosmic evolution, in which new forms of matter emerge. The continuity of the non-organic and biological evolutionary processes, their assignment to the laws of nature, as well as the fact that the appearance of a human being constitutes their culmination, all this shows that a human being is an element of the material structure of the world. From the evolutionary point of view, it could be argued that a human being is "the ultimate form of life", a very interesting but, in many respects, still very mysterious idea.

Daniel LAURIER
Making "Reasons" Explicit. How Normative is Brandom's Inferentialism?
Abstract. This paper asks whether Brandom has provided a sufficiently clear account of the basic normative concepts of commitment and entitlement, on which his normative inferentialism seems to rest, and of how they contribute to explain the inferential articulation of conceptual contents. I show that Brandom's claim that these concepts are analogous to the concepts of obligation and permission cannot be right, and argue that the normative character of the concept of commitment is dubious. This leads me to replace Brandom's conception of inferential relations as relations between deontic statuses with one according to which they are to be seen as relations between entitlements and acknowledgements of commitments.

 

Volume 12 / Number 2 / Autumn 2007:

Mark SULTANA
Bridging the Gulf between Wittgenstein's Works: a Matter of Showing
Abstract. In this paper, I take three snapshots of Wittgenstein's philosophical work in order to jot a few notes on the issue of the continuity in his philosophy. I use Wittgenstein's distinction between what can be 'said' and what can only be 'shown' in order to highlight Wittgenstein's continual insistence that our basic relation with reality is seamless. I propose that Wittgenstein holds, throughout his philosophical career, that our thinking does not stop short of the world. In brief, I suggest that Wittgenstein would note that our natural history is largely what the mediaevals would call second nature.

Giorgio LANDO
Tractarian Ontology: Wittgensteinian Mereology or Set Theory
Abstract. I analyze the relations of constituency or "being in" that connect different ontological items in the Tractatus logico-philosophicus(TLP) by Wittgenstein. A state of affairs is constituted by atoms, atoms are in a state of affairs. Atoms are also in an atomic fact. Moreover, the world is the totality of facts, thus it is in some sense made of facts. Many other kinds of Tractarian notions - such as molecular facts, logical space, reality - seem to be involved in constituency relations. How should these relations be conceived? And how is it possible to formalize them in a convincing way? I draw a comparison between two ways of conceiving and formalizing these relations: through sets and through mereological sums. The comparison shows that the conceptual machinery of set theory is apter to conceive and formalize Tractarian constituency notions than the mereological one.

Tim THORNTON
An aesthetic grounding for the role of concepts in experience in Kant, Wittgenstein and McDowell
Abstract. The paper begins by asking, in the context of McDowell's Mind and World, what guides empirical judgement. It then critically examines David Bell's account of the role of aesthetic judgement, or experience, in Kant and Wittgenstein, in shedding light on empirical judgement. Bell's suggestion that a Wittgensteinian account of aesthetic experience can guide the application of empirical concepts is criticised: neither the discussion of aesthetic judgement nor aesthetic experience helps underpin empirical judgement. But attention to the parallel between Wittgenstein's discussion of understanding rules and the question of how empirical concepts can be applied to particulars suggests how to dissolve the felt need for an answer. This in turn helps shed light on McDowell's conceptualist account of experience.

Tadeusz GADACZ
The Problem of Evil in Józef Tischner's Philosophy
Abstract. The problem of evil is a metaphysical problem bound up with the conditions of human existence. The radical evil of fascism and communism, according to Józef Tischner, opens up the possibility that we live in the time of a modern Manichaeism, understood as having two faces: nihilism and pessimism. The possibility of thinking of such a modern form of Manichaeism necessarily calls for a new inquiry into the question of evil. For Tischner, evil, like good, is not an object, but something in which man participates, and for this reason it cannot be objectified and defined. One can only ask how it appears.

Robert JANUSZ
Ontology in Astronomy
Abstract. In the domain of astronomy the object oriented paradigm of informatics needs to construct an ontology to be able to reason about concepts and to construct queries in a computerized knowledge system. The article presents approaches to ontology in philosophy, the natural sciences and informatics and shows their limits and reciprocity.

Anna-Karin ANDRESSON
The Positive and Negative Rights of Pre-Natal Organisms and Infants/Children in Virtue of Their Potentiality for Autonomous Agency
Abstract. In this paper, a rights-based argument for the impermissibility of abortion, infanticide and neglect of some pre-natal organisms and infants/children is advanced. I argue, in opposition to most rights-ethicists, that the potentiality for autonomous agency gives individuals negative rights. I also examine the conjecture that potential autonomous agents have positive rights in virtue of their vulnerability. According to this suggestion, once an individual obtains actual autonomous agency, he or she has merely negative rights. Possible solutions to conflicts of rights between parents and their offspring are investigated. Finally, I discuss a lexical order between positive and negative rights, which may solve conflicts between the rights of potential autonomous agents and actual autonomous agents.

Luke FISCHER
Derrida and Husserl on Time
Abstract. In this essay I take issue with Derrida's interpretation of Husserl's phenomenology of internal time-consciousness in Speech and Phenomena. Derrida's critique of Husserl's phenomenology of time also forms the basis for what Derrida regards to be an undermining of phenomenological philosophy itself. After first disagreeing with Derrida's interpretation of Husserl's understanding of time I proceed to object to his "undermining" of phenomenology. I attempt to illustrate that his critique of phenomenology is unconvincing.

Julia TANNER
Intrinsic Value and the Argument from Regress
Abstract. Proponents of the argument from regress maintain that the existence of Instrumental Value is sufficient to establish the existence of Intrinsic Value. It is argued that the chain of instrumentally valuable things has to end somewhere. Namely with intrinsic value. In this paper, I shall argue something a little more modest than this. I do not want to argue that the regress argument proves that there is intrinsic value but rather that it proves that the idea of intrinsic value is a necessary part of our thinking about moral value.

Piotr SIKORA
Putnamian Constraints on Pluralistic Theology of Religions
Abstract. There are many arguments that so-called pluralistic theologies of religions face difficulties in being sufficiently pluralistic. In order to meet such an objection, a pluralist offers different solutions. I argue that the range of plausible possibilities for a pluralist is strongly constrained by philosophical arguments which one can develop out of the philosophy of Hilary Putnam. In the first part of this paper, I sketch out three important strands of the Putnamian thought I consider worth defending. Given such presuppositions, I formulate two constraints on pluralistic theology of religions. In the last section of my paper, I briefly point out which of the particular standpoints, often labelled as "pluralistic theology of religions", have problems with meeting formulated constraints, and which of the "pluralists" seem to be in accordance with them.

Roman DAROWSKI
Philosophy of Jesuits in Lithuania since the 16th until the 18th Century
Abstract. In the philosophy of Jesuits of this period one can distinguish philosophy connected with teaching, i.e. taught at schools led by Jesuits, and Civic philosophy, not connected directly with teaching. This was mainly social, economic, and political philosophy, especially philosophy of the state, law and the like.

Mauro MURZI
A defence of pluralism in the debate about natural kinds: Case study from the classification of celestial objects
Abstract. I reconsider the monism/pluralism debate about natural kinds. Monism claims that there is a privileged division of reality into natural kinds, while pluralism states that there are many ways of classifying objects according to different purposes. I compare three different monistic accounts of natural kinds with the pluralism advocated by promiscuous realism. The analysis of some examples of the classification of celestial objects suggest that there are indeed different legitimate ways of classifying things according to different purposes; contrary to monism, the boundaries between kinds are not fixed. These results show that promiscuous realism is a better account of natural kind.

Piotr ASZYK
Reception of Some Aspects of the Hippocratic Medical Ethics in Antiquity
Abstract. The Hellenic medical ideas have found appreciation among people over centuries. Though the initial concept remained the same, methods or ways to achieve desired aims have changed. Since Hippocrates, new generations of physicians have worked hard to find more powerful types of therapies to relieve their patients and make treatment less burdensome. The struggle of medicine is very specific and requires, apart from practical skills, a clear personal commitment to help people wisely. From the Early Antiquity, both medicine and medical ethics go together. Wherever Hippocratic medicine is practiced, an appropriate moral pattern accompanies it because the Hellenic doctor offered purely clinical data and his Art should not be separated from anthropology, ethics and religion.

Jarosław PASZYŃSKI
Weisheit als Wissenschaft über Gott nach Thomas von Aquin
Abstract. Thomas geht davon aus, dass die Weisheit, gemäß der aristotelischen Definition, in der Erkenntnis der ersten Ursachen besteht. Nach Thomas ist die Theologie diese Weisheit, weil sie die Erkenntnis (Wissenschaft) über Gott als erste Ursache des ganzen Universums ist und zugleich die Erkenntnis über alles in Bezug auf Gott als ihren Ursprung und Ziel. Angenommen, dass für Thomas die Theologie die Weisheit ist, kann die logische Struktur seines Hauptwerkes Summa theologica anders wie gewöhnlich interpretiert werden und zwar, nicht nach dem neoplatonischen Schema: exitus - reditus, sondern als Realisation des Programms der Theologie als Weisheit.

Fedor STANJEVSKIY
Une anthropologie a la base d'une pensée religieuse: l'unité de l'homme dans la théologie de Maxime le Confesseur
Abstract. Maximus the Confessor in his "Ambigua" opposes himself in a decisive way to the Origenist vision of man and of his relation to God, a vision extremely wide-spread in his time. He creates his own anthropology which in its turn serves as a foundation of his theology. Man becomes a complete and integrated being and obtains his full realisation only provided that he is united with God and is a corporeal being related to the world in which he lives. Man, world and God are the terms of a dynamic relation, in which each of the first terms finds its unity. Man's unity, as well as that of the world, is realised in God, towards Whom both tend and move. The article is an attempt to retrace this movement of man, together with the world, to God, the movement crowned in unity with Him, a kind of unity that does not take away man's identity.

Michal CHABADA
Les aspects philosophiques de la théologie selon Jean Duns Scot: De la science a la pratique
Abstract. Theologians of the 14th C. agreed that theology is scientific knowledge based upon the truths of revelation. But the very introduction of Aristotle's and aristotelian philosophy into theology turned out to be problematic. Above all, it was questionable to integrate theology - as a science based on revelation - within the aristotelian framework of sciences. This problem is difficult for Scotus in two ways. On the one hand, he uses the concepts elaborated in greek philosophy, but, on the other hand, his franciscan spirituality compels him towards the opposite solution. Scotus only has the Aristotle's division of theoretical and practical sciences at his disposal to determine the character of theology, and he chooses to classify theology as practical science. Scotus is pouring "new wine" of Christian revelation into "old wineskins" of greek philosophy, the fact causing noticeable problems when interpreting many Scotus' ideas and views.

 

Volume 12 / Number 1 / Spring 2007:

John VATTANKY
Proof for the Existence of God in Classical Indian Philosophy
Abstract. Both in the East and in the West, there is, apart from the religious approach to God, also a purely rational one. Although in India philosophical speculation on God was mostly inextricably bound to religion, there have also been purely rational developments in Indian Theodicy. This is the case above all in the Nyayaviśe.ika system, where we find a purely rational and logical approach to the question of the existence and nature of God. It is the specific contribution of the Nyayaviśe.ika system to have developed a purely logical and rational argument for the existence of God. My purpose here is to take this proof in its developed form, as it is found in Gaogeśa, and investigate its philosophical and logical implications.

Dariusz ŁUKASIEWICZ
Logical and Metaphysical Assumptions of Bernard Bolzano's Theodicy
Abstract. Bolzano's theodicy is a very good example of Platonism in the philosophy of religion. Above all, Bolzano believes that there obtains an ideal realm of truths in themselves and mathematical objects, which are independent of God. Therefore, we are allowed to conclude that God is only a contractor; true, more powerful than Plato's demiurge because He created substances (and matter) and sustains them in existence, but God must follow a project which is independent of Him. Since the world is determined, by the program and God follows the program, then in fact the program is a god, or better, there is no God (at least in the sense of the classical Christian tradition). Bolzano's project is not related to God's essence, since it is external to God, and is not made by God. Thus, Bolzano's theodicy is also the absolute opposite of the Cartesian theodicy. God in the Cartesian theodicy can change all rules, all scientific laws and, in consequence, He can create any world He wants. Bolzano's God cannot change anything and cannot create a different world than the world determined by the project, a world different than the one He has created. The responsibility of Bolzano's God for the evil in the world is limited by the project of the world.

Anna ABRAM
The Philosophy of Moral Development
Abstract. This article presents a view of moral development based on the interdisciplinary study off moral psychology and virtue ethics. It suggests that a successful account of moral development has to go beyond what the developmental psychology and virtue ethics advocate and find ways of incorporating ideas, such as 'moral failure' and 'unpredictability of life'. It proposes to recognize the concept of moral development as an essential concept for ethics, moral philosophy and philosophy of education, and as a useful tool for anyone who wants to engage constructively in dialogues of religions, cultures and personal interaction.

Jakob ZIGOURAS
Spinoza and the Possibility of Error
Abstract. If we consider certain features of Spinoza's metaphysics, it can seem very difficult to see how error, or the having of false ideas, is possible. In this paper I want to give the metaphysical background to the problem, before turning to a more detailed consideration of how Spinoza in fact accounts for error, or the having of false ideas. I will show the importance of the notions of adequacy and inadequacy in Spinoza's account. Having done this I will return to the central problem of accounting for the ontological status of false ideas vis a vis both the Infinite Intellect, and finite minds.

Piotr JANIK
Transcendent Action in the Light of C.S. Pierce's Architectonic System
Abstract. The article presents the key problems relevant to the issue of 'transcendent action', as Peirce calls it. The author focuses on the relation between 'belief' and the 'transcendentals': unity, truth, goodness, and beauty, in their peculiar Peirceian context. He considers firstly 'belief' in the sense of "an original impulse to act consistently, to have a definite intention" and, secondly, "Normative Science, which investigates the universal and necessary laws of the relation of Phenomena to Ends, that is, perhaps, to Truth, Right, and Beauty". Finally, he considers Peirce's defense again two popular accusations: one on the part of the logicians which "confounds psychical truths with psychological truths", and the second one regarding hedonism.

Piotr K. SZAŁEK
The Notion of Conceptualized Experience in John McDowell's Mind and World
Abstract. In this paper I would like to asses critically McDowell's argument to the effect that all experience is conceptualized and explain the role that this thesis plays within his general philosophical project. It has been argued that McDowell's conception of experience leads to idealism. I will demonstrate why this charge could be made and whether it is a charge which McDowell can adequately respond to. The paper will clarify McDowell's conception of conceptualized experience, and evaluate its efficacy for his philosophical aim. In order to accomplish these goals, the paper will contain the following two components: (1) a reconstruction of McDowell's position, and (2) its critical analysis. To reconstruct the position of McDowell, I will try (i) to establish his motives (i.e. avoiding the collapse into the Myth of the Given or coherentism), and (ii) the sources of inspiration for his thought and its and context (the Kantian categories of receptivity and spontaneity; the thought of D. Davidson, W. Sellars, G. Evans and Ch. Peacocke); (iii) and to explain his arguments (i.e. the general idea of the unboundedness of the conceptual, and the arguments against existence of non-conceptual content) and his defence against the charge of idealism. In order to critically analyse his position, I will try to evaluate it in terms of whether his defence against the objections to his proposal, in particular the charge of idealism, is successful.

Janusz CZETWERTYŃSKI
The Philosophical Foundations of the Kinematic Atomism of Ruder Josip Boscovich
Abstract. Ruder Josip Boscovich (1711-1787), a philosopher, mathematician, physicist and astronomer. The greatest of the forgotten - as Barrow says. The author of the Theory of Everything, based on the presumption that the whole substance of this world is reducible to simple, homogeneous, discontinuous and invariable physical points. These points being the centers of forces of repulsion and attraction. His system of kinematic atomism constitutes a crucial stage in the development of physics and philosophy. The physical points combine both material and psychological features, therefore among commentators the prevailing view is that they possess rather a quasi-material nature. The following presentation, however, emphasizes their psychological aspect, especially in the light of Boscovich's fairly original attempt to reduce mental states and physical facts to one, common definition. This reduction is based on the presumption that the rules which govern both kinds of substance (bodies and minds) can be reduced to the one (and only one) Rule of All Forces. Hence, this rule concerns everything in the Universe.

Plamen DAMIANOV
The Accumulation of Change Depending on the Time Factor
Abstract. Each phenomenon contains variable components, which are conservative. Because of their conservation, they accumulate. Present phenomena contain constituents of phenomena, belonging to the past which form the present and the future, and their dependence on time is an exponential one - (S is a variable component, is a moment in the past). We assume that before and after the change pertains to phenomena of one type. The dependency is for each defined phenomenon of one and the same type (for its characteristics). The concrete aspect of the change S will depend on the type of the phenomenon. We show in our study how in some cosmological phenomena, the exponential dependence on time is present. The processes of radioactive disintegration of atomic nuclei, are also phenomena of this type. We present the real phenomena as a sum of exponents. Each phenomenon originates, develops and is destroyed. In reality most phenomena are formed as a composition of exponential dependencies of the change (of its characteristics).

Alexander J. B. HAMPTON
The Conquest of Mythos by Logos: Countering Religion without Faith in Irenaeus, Coleridge and Gadamer
Abstract. Irenaeus, Coleridge and Gadamer all wrote about religion in distinct historical periods, however the work that each produced reflects the anthropological condition of the middle position. Furthermore, each thinker provides an opportunity for self-reflection about the motivations of faith without requiring the individual to abandon their religious belief in order to do so. In this manner they present a productive alternative to the required external views of the social sciences. The individual's position in mid-creation, his moral freedom and his historical contingence all require the acceptance, commitment and trust of faith. Gnosticism, Empiricist thought and the desire to overcome historical contingency all reveal intellectual impatience in riposte to this condition. This intellectual impatience seeks the absolute without the need for faith. For Irenaeus, Coleridge and Gadamer such absolute, logocentric, complete systems end up alienating man from the reality of the incomplete condition that permeates his existence and the faith-requiring mythos that ultimate realities necessitate in order to be communicated.

Grzegorz HOŁUB
Personhood in Bioethics. Pondering on the Vital Issue
Abstract. The concept of personhood has been recently strongly criticized by some bioethicists. The present article aims at refuting these criticisms. In order to show how the notion of personhood operates in bioethics, two understandings of it proposed by an Italian bioethicist Maurizio Mori are sketched: a person as a part of the cosmological order and a person as an autonomous-like entity. It is argued that none of the proposed understandings is adequate. The cosmological concept perceives the person as a derivative of the empirical processes. The autonomous-like, in turn, conceives the person as a freely acting subject. This paper endeavours to prove that both conceptions are one-sided. In order to do that, the thought of German philosopher Robert Spaemann is deployed. He convincingly points out that the person must be considered from a so-called 'modus existendi' stance. It means that to be a person is to possess a unique way of being. That being encompasses the material content (body) not as a casual factor but as an indispensable mean of expressing itself. The final thesis is that the person's being is man's life. Drawing upon such a conclusion, it is taken up a critical discussion with the views rejecting the usefulness of the concept.

Miłosz PAWŁOWSKI
Traversing the Infinite in Both Directions
Abstract. The aim of this paper is to present a proof to the conclusion that is impossible to traverse an infinite series (in particular, an infinite series of past moments). This may also show (given additional assumptions) that the series of past moments cannot be infinite. In the first section I formulate five theses concerning traversing, successive addition and successive subtraction and I present the idea of the argument: if it were possible to traverse an infinite past, it should be in principle possible to go back, which is, however, impossible. The main body of the paper is concerned with working out a simple mathematical representation of some structural features of processes like traversing and successive addition. I also make a crucial distinction between completion of a process at a particular time and its timeless "completion" in infinite time. In section V, I present the formal proof and defend it against a possible objection of question-begging. Finally, I suggest that my argument can contribute to constructing arguments for God's existence, and to solving the problem of the asymmetry of our attitudes towards death and prenatal non-existence.

Marek ROSIAK
Existential Analysis in Roman Ingarden's Ontology
Abstract. Ingarden conceives ontology as a philosophia prima, which deals with being as purely possible (it complies with the essentialistic tradition of Duns Scotus and Wolff). It is an intuitive (anschaulich) and a priori analysis of the content of the relevant ideas (rein apriorische Analyse der Ideengehalte). It consists of three parts: existential, formal and material ontology. Existential ontology deals with the possible modes of existence (Seinsweise). Problems of factual existence pertain to metaphysics, which is a separate branch of theoretical philosophy, based on ontology. 

 

Highlights of the Back Issues

Volume XI / 2006:

Mieczysław A. KRĄPIEC
Knowledge and Reality, 29-35

Piotr LENARTOWICZ
On empirical premisses of ontological pluralism, 37-53

Karol T. GIEDROJĆ
Einführung in die politische Theorie Eric Voegelins, 133-174

Aleksandra MACINTOSH
Shestov's Quest for Certainty of Faith, 211-222

 

Volume X / 2005:

Sebastian T. KOŁODZIEJCZYK
Theory of Transcendentals and the Basic Furniture of Mind Hypothesis, 57-74

Janusz SALAMON
Poststructuralist Deconstruction of Meaning as a Challenge to the Discourse of Theism, 75-85

Hans-Dieter MUTSCHLER
Ist die Welt kausal geschlossen?, 113-127

Józef BREMER
Metaphysischer Solipsismus des frühen Ludwig Wittgensteins, 191-216

 

Volume IX / 2004:

Hans-Dieter MUTSCHLER
Kann ,Form' durch ,Information' ersetzt werden?, 25-42

Erich J. HEINDL
Anmerkungen zu Nietzsche, 43-72

Piotr ASZYK
Views of early christian and scholastic thinkers on the issue of withdrawing a medical treatment, 111-126

Mikołaj KRASNODĘBSKI
The Theory of Passive Intellect in Thomas Aquinas' Polemic against Latin Averroism, 139-156

 

Volume VIII / 2003:

Tadeusz BIESAGA
Personalism versus Principlism in Bioethics, 23-34

Piotr KLEPACKI
La valeur de l'amour ou l'amour de la valeur? En voie vers les sources de la conscience axiologique de Max Scheler, 151-166

Janusz SALAMON
John Hick's philosophy of religious pluralism. A critical examination, 167-182

Witold MACKIEWICZ
Nietzscheanische Fäden im Denken von Leszek Kołakowski, 183-206

Bogdan LISIAK
The notion of philosophy in the correspondence between Adam Kochański and Gottfried Leibniz, 237-248

Volume VII / 2002:

Jürgen HABERMAS
Glauben und Wissen, 7-16

Stanisław ZIEMIAŃSKI
Die Abhängigkeitsrelation in der Argumentation für die Existenz Gottes, 17-28

Piotr LENARTOWICZ SJ, Jolanta KOSZTEYN,
On Paley, Epagogé, Technical Mind and a fortiori Argumentation, 49-83

Józef BREMER
Martin Heidegger und Ludwig Wittgenstein über das Schweigen, 123-152

Jan DORDA SJ
The project of formulating axioms of efficient causality by means of the propositional variables calculus, 153-168

 

Volume VI / 2001:

Tadeusz ŚLIPKO
Principes anthropologiques et éthiques des soins palliatifs, 13-20

Klaus PETRUS
Austin versus Grice. Über die Voraussetzung der Analyse religiöser Sprechakte, 21-46

Karol TARNOWSKI
Sujet de la guerre, sujet de la paix (Levinas et Marcel), 47-58

Wojciech SŁOMSKI
On Karl R. Popper's Theory of Language, 69-90

Christian GÖBEL
Der Blick auf das Ewige. Philosophische Grunderfahrung bei Schelling und Parmenides, 117-144

 

Volume V / 2000:

Roman DAROWSKI
La philosophie des jésuites en Pologne au XXe siecle, 21-53

Jerzy MACHNACZ,
Das Suchen des Menschen nach sich selbst. Personale und persönliche Philosophie Edith Steins, 105-118

Karol MICHALSKI
Die Periechontologie: Das Wissen vom Umgreifenden als Grund-Wissen der Philosophie im Denken von Karl Jaspers, 121-131

Antoni JARNUSZKIEWICZ,
La méthodologie des analyses de l'expérience de Dieu dans la nouvelle phénoménologie d'Emmanuel Lévinas, 133-140

Stanisław ZIEMIAŃSKI
Analytische Philosophie und das Kontingenzargument, 201-219

 

Volume IV / 1999:

Luc PAREYDT
Remarques sur la fécondité et les limites de la notion de rupture épistémologique dans la réflexion philosophique contemporaine sur les sciences, 9-24

Louis CARUANA
Is Science Eliminating Ordinary Talk?, 25-41

Harald SCHÖNDORF
Probleme der erkenntnistheoretischen Tradition, 43-54

Henryk MAJKRZAK
Il problema del tempo et dell'eternitŕ nel pensiero di Sant'Agostino, 207-217

 

Volume III / 1998:

Stanisław ZIEMIAŃSKI
Philosophische Folgen der orthodoxen Auslegung der Quantentheorie, 77-95

Aleksander POSACKI
Il tragico d'iniziazione in Fiodor Dostoevsky, 111-135

Józef BREMER
W. Sellars' modifizierte Identitätstheorie, 157-183

Henryk MAJKRZAK
Il problema dell'amicizia nel pensiero di Aristotele, 185-197

 

Volume II / 1997:

Harold M. STAHMER
Speech, the Spirit, and Social Change: the Legacies of Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy and Mikhail Bakhtin, 131-158

Bogdan LISIAK
Notion of Truth in Adventures of Ideas of A.N. Whitehead, 159-171

Piotr ASZYK
On Some Aspects of Proportionalism in Ethics, 173-191

Roman DAROWSKI
La philosophie des jesuites en Pologne du XVI au XVIII siecle. Essai de synthese, 211-243

 

Volume I / 1996:

Piotr LENARTOWICZ
The Body-Mind Dichotomy. A Problem or Artifact?, 9-42

Jakub GORCZYCA
Sulla responsabilita - Una riflessione nel dialogo con Martin Buber, 43-56

Aleksander POSACKI
Esperienza tragica come iniziazione secondo Lev Sestov (1866-1938), 175-199

Dariusz ŁUKASIEWICZ
Relativistic and Absolute Concept of Truth in Edmund Husserl's Prolegomena to Pure Logic, 201-220